Residential Tenancies Act 2004
Number 27 of 2004
RESIDENTIAL TENANCIES ACT 2004
REVISED
Updated to 18 October 2024
This Revised Act is an administrative consolidation of the Residential Tenancies Act 2004. It is prepared by the Law Reform Commission in accordance with its function under the Law Reform Commission Act 1975 (3/1975) to keep the law under review and to undertake revision and consolidation of statute law.
All Acts up to and including the Planning and Development Act 2024 (34/2024), enacted 17 October 2024, and all statutory instruments up to and including the Valuation Act 2001 (Global Valuation) (Apportionment) (Uisce Éireann) Order 2024 (S.I. No. 548 of 2024), made 18 October 2024, were considered in the preparation of this Revised Act.
Disclaimer: While every care has been taken in the preparation of this Revised Act, the Law Reform Commission can assume no responsibility for and give no guarantees, undertakings or warranties concerning the accuracy, completeness or up to date nature of the information provided and does not accept any liability whatsoever arising from any errors or omissions. Please notify any errors, omissions and comments by email to
revisedacts@lawreform.ie.
Number 27 of 2004
RESIDENTIAL TENANCIES ACT 2004
REVISED
Updated to 18 October 2024
ARRANGEMENT OF SECTIONS
Preliminary and General
Section |
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1. |
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2. |
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3. |
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3A. |
Restrictions on sub-letting and assignment of tenancy for dwellings referred to in section 3(4). |
3B. |
Application of Act to dwellings referred to in section 3(4): supplemental provisions. |
3C. |
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4. |
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5. |
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6. |
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7. |
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8. |
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9. |
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10. |
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11. |
Tenancy Obligations of Landlords and Tenants
Provisions regarding landlord’s obligations
12. |
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13. |
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14. |
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15. |
Duty owed to certain third parties to enforce tenant’s obligations. |
Provisions regarding tenant’s obligations
16. |
|
17. |
|
18. |
No contracting out from terms of section 12 or 16 permitted, etc. |
Rent and Rent Reviews
Security of Tenure
Preliminary
25. |
|
26. |
Statement of essential protection enjoyed by tenants
27. |
Periods of occupancy before relevant date to be disregarded. |
28. |
Statutory protection —“Part 4 tenancy”— after 6 months occupation. |
29. |
|
30. |
|
31. |
|
32. |
Termination of Part 4 tenancy
Additional statutory right — further Part 4 tenancy
40. |
Interpretation (Chapter 4). (Repealed) |
41. |
Further Part 4 tenancy on expiry of 6 year period. (Repealed) |
42. |
Termination of additional rights. (Repealed) |
Successive further Part 4 tenancies may arise
43. |
Purposes of Chapter. (Repealed) |
44. |
Construction of certain references. (Repealed) |
45. |
Further Part 4 tenancy to arise on expiry of previous tenancy. (Repealed) |
46. |
Terms of a further Part 4 tenancy. (Repealed) |
47. |
Application of Chapter 3 and section 42 to every further Part 4 tenancy. (Repealed) |
Rules governing operation of Part in cases of multiple occupants
Miscellaneous
54. |
|
55. |
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56. |
Tenancy Terminations — Notice Periods and other Procedural Requirements
Scope of Part and interpretation provisions
57. |
|
58. |
Termination of tenancies restricted to means provided by this Part. |
59. |
|
60. |
|
61. |
Construction of certain references to periods of notice and duration of tenancies. |
What a valid notice of termination must contain
62. |
|
63. |
|
64. |
Reference to and validity of date of service of notice of termination. |
64A. |
Period of notice to be given
64B. |
|
65. |
|
66. |
|
67. |
Period of notice for termination by landlord where tenant in default. |
68. |
Period of notice for termination by tenant where landlord in default. |
69. |
Additional requirements and procedures where tenancy sub-let
Miscellaneous
73. |
|
74. |
Dispute Resolution
Referral of matters to Board for resolution
Relationship between Part and certain other dispute resolution mechanisms
Preliminary steps by Board (include power to refer matter to Tribunal)
92. |
Initial steps that may be taken by Board to resolve matters referred. |
93. |
|
94. |
Exceptions to section 93: direct reference of matter to Tribunal, etc. |
Mediation and adjudication
95. |
|
96. |
[Procedures to be followed by Board following report of mediator.] |
97. |
|
98. |
|
99. |
|
100. |
|
101. |
Tenancy Tribunal
102. |
|
103. |
Dispute resolution by Tribunal
Supplementary procedural matters
109. |
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110. |
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111. |
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112. |
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113. |
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114. |
|
114A. |
Redress that may be granted under this Part
Determination orders and enforcement generally
121. |
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122. |
|
123. |
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124. |
|
125. |
Cancellation of determination order in cases of nonappearance. |
125A. |
|
126. |
Registration of Tenancies
Private residential tenancies register
127. |
|
128. |
|
129. |
|
130. |
Register and published register may be kept in electronic form. |
131. |
|
132. |
|
133. |
Confirmation to parties to tenancy as to particulars specified in an application under section 134. |
Procedure for registration
134. |
|
135. |
|
135A. |
|
135B. |
|
136. |
Particulars to be specified in application under section 134. |
137. |
|
137A. |
|
138. |
Updating of register and enforcement of requirement to register
139. |
|
140. |
|
141. |
|
142. |
|
143. |
|
144. |
Provision in aid of enforcement of registration requirements. |
144A. |
|
145. |
Further provisions in aid of enforcement of registration requirements. |
Data exchange — private residential tenancies
Complaints, Investigations and Sanctions
148R. |
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148S. |
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148T. |
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148U. |
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148V. |
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148W. |
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148X. |
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148Y. |
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148Z. |
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148AA. |
Appeal to Circuit Court against decision to impose sanction. |
148AB. |
Application to Circuit Court to confirm decision to impose sanction. |
148AC. |
|
148AD. |
|
148AE. |
|
148AF. |
|
148AG. |
Relationship between investigation and criminal proceedings. |
Private Residential Tenancies Board
Establishment and principal functions of Board
149. |
|
150. |
|
151. |
|
152. |
Composition of Board
153. |
|
154. |
|
155. |
Meetings and committees
156. |
|
157. |
|
158. |
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159. |
Management of Board
160. |
|
161. |
Staff of Board and superannuation matters
162. |
|
163. |
Appointment or engagement of certain persons
164. |
|
165. |
|
166. |
|
167. |
Supplemental provisions with regard to Board's administration and management
168. |
|
169. |
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170. |
|
171. |
|
172. |
|
173. |
Financial and accountability provisions
174. |
|
175. |
|
176. |
|
177. |
|
177A. |
|
177B. |
Withdrawal by Board of interest from designated tenancy deposit account. |
178. |
Further provisions with respect to accounts (including their audit). |
179. |
|
180. |
|
180A. |
Reports to Minister concerning determination of complaints under section 76A. |
181. |
Miscellaneous
Protection for Sub-Tenancies Created out of Part 4 Tenancies
Improper Conduct
Provisions applicable to Oral Hearings conducted pursuant to section 148S or 148X
Oral Hearing conducted by authorised officer pursuant to section 148S(15)
Oral Hearing conducted by decision maker pursuant to section 148X(6) or (7)
Acts Referred to |
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Adoption Acts 1952 to 1998 |
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Arbitration Act 1954 |
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Civil Liability Act 1961 |
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Civil Service Commissioners Act 1956 |
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Civil Service Regulation Acts 1956 to 1996 |
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Companies Acts 1963 to 2003 |
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Comptroller and Auditor General (Amendment) Act 1993 |
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Conveyancing Act 1881 |
1881, c. 41 |
Conveyancing and Law of Property Act 1892 |
1892, c. 13 |
Criminal Law Amendment Act 1912 |
1912, c. 20 |
Equal Status Act 2000 |
|
European Parliament Elections Act 1997 |
|
Finance Act 1999 |
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Health Act 1970 |
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Health (Eastern Regional Health Authority) Act 1999 |
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Housing Act 1966 |
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Housing Act 1988 |
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Housing Acts 1966 to 1997 |
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Housing Acts 1966 to 2002 |
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Housing (Miscellaneous Provisions) Act 1992 |
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Housing (Miscellaneous Provisions) Act 1997 |
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Housing (Miscellaneous Provisions) Act 2002 |
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Housing (Private Rented Dwellings) Act 1982 |
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Housing (Traveller Accomodation) Act 1998 |
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Interpretation Act 1937 |
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Landlord and Tenant Act 1931 |
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Landlord and Tenant (Amendment) Act 1980 |
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Landlord and Tenant (Amendment) Act 1994 |
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Landlord and Tenant (Ground Rents) (No. 2) Act 1978 |
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Landlord and Tenant Law Amendment Act Ireland 1860 |
1860, c. 154 |
Local Government Act 2001 |
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Organisation of Working Time Act 1997 |
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Petty Sessions (Ireland) Act 1851 |
1851, c. 93 |
Planning and Development Act 2000 |
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Public Offices Fees Act 1879 |
1879, c. 58 |
Social Welfare (Consolidation) Act 1993 |
|
Statute of Limitations 1957 |
|
Succession Act 1965 |
|
Taxes Consolidation Act 1997 |
|
Urban Renewal Act 1998 |
Number 27 of 2004
RESIDENTIAL TENANCIES ACT 2004
REVISED
Updated to 18 October 2024
AN ACT TO PROVIDE—
(a) IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE EXIGENCIES OF THE COMMON GOOD, FOR A MEASURE OF SECURITY OF TENURE FOR TENANTS OF CERTAIN DWELLINGS,
(b) FOR AMENDMENTS OF THE LAW OF LANDLORD AND TENANT IN RELATION TO THE BASIC RIGHTS AND OBLIGATIONS OF EACH OF THE PARTIES TO TENANCIES OF CERTAIN DWELLINGS,
(c) WITH THE AIM OF ALLOWING DISPUTES BETWEEN SUCH PARTIES TO BE RESOLVED CHEAPLY AND SPEEDILY, FOR THE ESTABLISHMENT OF A BODY TO BE KNOWN AS AN BORD UM THIONÓNTACHTAÍ CÓNAITHE PRÍOBHÁIDEACHA OR, IN THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE, THE PRIVATE RESIDENTIAL TENANCIES BOARD AND THE CONFERRAL ON IT OF POWERS AND FUNCTIONS OF A LIMITED NATURE IN RELATION TO THE RESOLUTION OF SUCH DISPUTES,
(d) FOR THE REGISTRATION OF TENANCIES OF CERTAIN DWELLINGS, AND
(e) FOR RELATED MATTERS. [19th July 2004]
BE IT ENACTED BY THE OIREACHTAS AS FOLLOWS:
Annotations
Modifications (not altering text):
C1
Functions transferred and references to "Cathaoirleach" or "Cathaoirligh", "Leas-Chathaoirleach", "chief executive" and "deputy chief executive" construed (16.05.2024) by Local Government (Mayor of Limerick) and Miscellaneous Provisions Act 2024 (7/2024), ss. 10, 23, 25, 26, 28 and sch. 1 parts 1, 2, S.I. No. 207 of 2024.
Functions of Mayor
10. (1) All functions (other than functions conferred by or under an enactment specified in Part 1 of Schedule 1) that, immediately before the vesting day, vested in the Cathaoirleach of Limerick City and County Council shall, on and after that day, vest in the Mayor.
(2) All functions (other than functions conferred by or under an enactment specified in Part 2 of Schedule 1) that, immediately before the vesting day, vested in the chief executive of Limerick City and County Council shall, on and after that day, vest in the Mayor.
(3) From the vesting day, a reference in any enactment (other than an enactment specified in Part 1 of Schedule 1) to Cathaoirleach shall, in so far as the reference applies to the Cathaoirleach of Limerick City and County Council, be construed as a reference to the Mayor, or as including a reference to the Mayor, as the context requires.
(4) From the vesting day, a reference in any enactment (other than an enactment specified in Part 2 of Schedule 1) to chief executive shall, in so far as that reference applies to the chief executive of Limerick City and County Council, be construed as a reference to the Mayor, or as including a reference to the Mayor, as the context requires.
(5) This section shall apply subject to the modifications of the Principal Act specified in Schedule 3.
...
Functions of Príomh Chomhairleoir
23. (1) All functions conferred by or under an enactment specified in Part 1 of Schedule 1 that, immediately before the vesting day, vested in the Cathaoirleach of Limerick City and County Council shall, on and after that day, vest in the Príomh Chomhairleoir.
(2) From the vesting day, a reference in an enactment specified in Part 1 of Schedule 1 to Cathaoirleach or Cathaoirligh shall, in so far as that reference applies to the Cathaoirleach of Limerick City and County Council, be construed as a reference to the Príomh Chomhairleoir, or as including a reference to the Príomh Chomhairleoir, as the context may require.
(3) This section shall apply subject to the modifications of the Principal Act specified in Schedule 3.
...
Functions of Leas-Phríomh Chomhairleoir
25. (1) All functions conferred by or under any enactment that, immediately before the vesting day, vested in the Leas-Chathaoirleach of Limerick City and County Council shall, on and after that day, vest in the Leas-Phríomh Chomhairleoir.
(2) From the vesting day, a reference in any enactment to Leas-Chathaoirleach shall, in so far as that reference applies to the Leas-Chathaoirleach of Limerick City and County Council, be construed as a reference to the Leas-Phríomh Chomhairleoir, or as including a reference to the Leas-Phríomh Chomhairleoir, as the context may require.
(3) This section shall apply subject to the modifications of the Principal Act specified in Schedule 3.
Director general
26. (1) The chief executive of Limerick City and County Council shall, on and after the vesting day, be known as the director general of Limerick City and County Council and is in this Act referred to as the “director general”.
(2) The person who, immediately before the vesting day, was the chief executive of Limerick City and County Council shall, on and after that day, continue in office and be referred to in accordance with subsection (1).
(3) On and after the vesting day, a reference in an enactment specified in Part 2 of Schedule 1 to chief executive shall, in so far as that reference applies to the chief executive of Limerick City and County Council, be construed as a reference to the director general, or as including a reference to the director general, as the context may require.
(4) This section shall apply subject to the modifications of the Principal Act specified in Schedule 3.
...
Deputy director general
28. (1) On and after the vesting day, a deputy chief executive appointed by the director general under section 148 of the Principal Act shall be known as the deputy director general of Limerick City and County Council and is, in this Act, referred to as the “deputy director general”.
(2) The person who, immediately before the vesting day, was the deputy chief executive of Limerick City and County Council shall, on and after that day, continue in office and be referred to in accordance with subsection (1).
(3) On and after the vesting day, a reference in any enactment to deputy chief executive shall, in so far as the reference applies to the deputy chief executive of Limerick City and County Council, be construed as a reference to the deputy director general, or as including a reference to the deputy director general, as the context may require.
(4) This section shall apply subject to the modifications of the Principal Act specified in Schedule 3.
...
SCHEDULE 1
PART 1
Enactments for Purposes of Sections 10 and 23
Number and Year (1) |
Provision (2) |
Extent of Modification (3) |
No. 37 of 2001 |
Local Government Act 2001 |
Sections 11(5)(b), 11(8), 31(4)(a), 31(5), 31(7), 31(9), 31(11), 33, 34(2)(e), 36, 37, 38, 104(7)(a), 133(6)(a), 134(4)(b), 140(8), 141(1)(b), 141(4), 142(2)(a), 142(5)(f), 143(1), 147, 148, 158(3), 174(8), 178(2)(b), 178(5), 180(3)(a), 189(9), 190(9), 216(2)(a), 219(1) and 220(1); paragraphs 3(4), 4(2), 4(3), 6(1), 6(2), 6(3), 7(9), 10, 13(5)(e), 13(6) and 16(4)(c) of Schedule 10; paragraph 3 of Schedule 14. |
PART 2
Enactments for Purposes of Sections 10 and 26
Number and Year (1) |
Short Title (2) |
Provision (3) |
... |
... |
... |
No. 27 of 2004 |
Residential Tenancies Act 2004 |
The whole Act. |
... |
... |
... |
C2
Application of Act modified in relation to cost rental dwellings (19.08.2021) by Affordable Housing Act 2021 (25/2021), s. 32, S.I. No. 424 of 2021.
Application of Act of 2004
32. (1) Save insofar as it is excluded by this section or section 33, or otherwise inconsistent with this Part, the Act of 2004 shall—
(a) subject to subsection (2) of section 3 of the Act of 2004, apply to every cost rental dwelling, the subject of a tenancy, and
(b) notwithstanding paragraph (a), apply to a dwelling of a type referred to in subsection (2)(c) of section 3 of the Act of 2004.
...
C3
Application of Act restricted (11.01.2021) by Planning and Development, and Residential Tenancies, Act 2020 (27/2020), s. 13, commenced as per s. 1(3).
Prohibition on rent increases during emergency period
13. Notwithstanding the Act of 2004—
(a) an increase in the rent under the tenancy of a dwelling that, but for this section, would take effect during the emergency period shall not take effect during that period, and
(b) an increase (other than an increase that came into effect before 11 January 2021) in the rent under the tenancy of a dwelling shall not be payable in respect of the emergency period or any period falling during the emergency period.
C4
Application of Act restricted for emergency period (27.03.2020 to 27.06.2020, extended to 20.07.2020 and to 1.08.2020) by Emergency Measures in the Public Interest (Covid-19) Act 2020 (2/2020), ss. 5-8, commenced on enactment, extended by S.I. No. 224 of 2020 and S.I. No. 254 of 2020.
Notices of termination under Act of 2004
5. (1) (a) A landlord shall not serve a notice of termination in relation to the tenancy of a dwelling during the emergency period.
(b) A tenant who, but for the operation of subsection (1), would not acquire any rights under Part 4 of the Act of 2004 shall not, by virtue of such operation, acquire such rights.
(2) (a) Subject to paragraph (b), where a notice of termination (that cites as a reason for the termination concerned the ground specified in paragraph 1 of the Table to section 34 of the Act of 2004) served before the emergency period specifies a termination date that falls during or after the emergency period, the termination date under that notice shall be deemed to be the revised termination date.
(b) If a dispute or complaint in respect of a matter that occasioned the giving of a notice to which paragraph (a) applies is referred to the Board in accordance with section 78 of the Act of 2004, that paragraph shall cease to have effect in relation to that notice—
(i) upon the expiration of 10 days from the making of a determination by an adjudicator under subsection (4) of section 97 of the Act of 2004 in relation to the dispute or complaint concerned save where an appeal from that determination is brought before the Tribunal, or
(ii) upon the making of a determination by the Tribunal under section 108 (other than a decision referred to in subsection (2) of that section) of the Act of 2004 in respect of such an appeal.
(3) Where a notice of termination (other than a notice of termination to which subsection (1) applies) referred to in section 34 of the Act of 2004 served before the emergency period specifies a termination date that falls during or after the emergency period, the termination date under that notice shall be deemed to be the revised termination date.
(4) (a) Where a notice of termination in respect of a tenancy of a dwelling of less than 6 months duration served before the emergency period specifies a termination date that falls during or after the emergency period, the termination date under that notice shall be deemed to be the revised termination date.
(b) A tenant shall not, by virtue of the operation of this subsection, acquire any rights under Part 4 of the Act of 2004.
(5) Section 67 of the Act of 2004 shall have effect during the emergency period as if, in subsection (3), “28 days” were substituted for “14 days”.
(6) In this section “revised termination date” means, in the case of a notice of termination served before the emergency period, the date immediately following the expiration of a period that consists of the aggregate of—
(a) the period of notice that remains unexpired on the commencement of the emergency period, and
(b) the emergency period.
(7) (a) Notwithstanding any of the provisions in this section, all proposed evictions in all tenancies in the State, including those not covered by the Act of 2004, are prohibited during the operation of the Emergency Measures in the Public Interest (Covid-19) Act 2020.
(b) For the avoidance of doubt, this section applies to all Local Authority and Approved Housing body dwellings.
(c) For the avoidance of doubt, all Travellers who are currently resident in any location should not during this crisis be evicted from that location except where movement is required to ameliorate hardship and provide protection and subject to consultation with the Travellers involved.
Prohibition on rent increases under Act of 2004
6. Notwithstanding the Act of 2004, an increase in the rent under the tenancy of a dwelling—
(a) that, but for this section, would take effect during the emergency period shall not take effect during that period, and
(b) shall not be payable in respect of any period falling during the emergency period.
Proceedings before Tenancy Tribunal
7. Subsection (1) of section 106 of the Act of 2004 shall not have effect during the emergency period.
Entitlement to remain in occupation of dwelling during emergency period
8. (1) A tenant—
(a) upon whom a notice of termination was served in accordance with the Act of 2004 before the commencement of the emergency period, and
(b) who has remained in occupation of the dwelling to which the notice relates from the expiration of the required period of notice (whether or not with the consent of the landlord concerned) until the date of the commencement of the emergency period,
shall be entitled to remain in occupation of the dwelling until the expiration of the emergency period subject to terms and conditions that shall be the same as the terms and conditions that applied in respect of the tenancy of the dwelling concerned immediately before the service of that notice, unless—
(i) the tenant is required to vacate the dwelling in accordance with a determination of an adjudicator under subsection (4) of section 97 of the Act of 2004, or
(ii) where an appeal from that determination is brought, the tenant is required to vacate the dwelling in accordance with a determination of the Tribunal under section 108 of that Act.
(2) A person shall not, by virtue of the operation of this section, acquire any rights under Part 4 of the Act of 2004.
C5
Application of Act extended to licences and licence agreements (15.07.2019) by Residential Tenancies (Amendment) Act 2019 (14/2019), s. 37, S.I. No. 354 of 2019, as substituted (15.07.2019) by Local Government Rates and other Matters Act 2019 (24/2019), s. 26(d), S.I. No. 355 of 2019.
Application of Act of 2004 to certain licences
[37. (1) The Act of 2004 shall apply to licences to which this section applies and licence agreements as it applies to tenancies of dwellings referred to in subsection (1A) of section 3 of that Act and tenancy agreements relating to such tenancies, subject to the following, and any other necessary, modifications:
(a) references to tenancy shall be construed as references to licence to which this section applies;
(b) references to tenancy agreement shall be construed as references to licensing agreement;
(c) references to landlord shall be construed as references to licensor;
(d) references to tenant (other than a tenant to whom the definition of "multiple tenants" in subsection (1) of section 48 applies) shall be construed as references to licensee;
(e) references to dwelling shall be construed as references to a residential unit (whether or not self-contained) situated in student accommodation;
(f) references to rent shall be construed as references to payments or charges (howsoever described) payable under a licence agreement to the licensor by any person (whether or not the licensee) in consideration of the licence concerned; and
(g) the deletion, in paragraph (a) of subsection (1) of section 12, of the words "and exclusive".
(2) This section does not apply to a licence in respect of student accommodation in which the licensor (other than a licensor who is not an individual) resides, and references in this section to licence to which this section applies shall be construed accordingly.
(3) In this section—
"licence" means a licence—
(a) given by the owner (in this section referred to as the "licensor") of student accommodation to a student (in this section referred to as the "licensee"), and
(b) created not earlier than one month after the commencement of this section, permitting the licensee to enter and reside in a residential unit (whether or not self-contained) within that student accommodation in consideration of the making by any person (whether or not the licensee) of a payment or payments to the licensor;
"licence agreement" means an agreement (whether or not in writing) between the owner of student accommodation and a student giving a licence to which this section applies to the student;
"owner" means, in relation to student accommodation, any person (other than a mortgagee not in possession) who has an estate or interest in that accommodation;
"student" means a person registered as a student with a relevant provider (within the meaning of the Qualifications and Quality Assurance (Education and Training) Act 2012 );
"student accommodation" means a building, or part of a building, used for the sole purpose (subject to paragraphs (a), (b) and (c)) of providing residential accommodation to students during academic term times—
(a) whether or not the building or part of the building concerned is used for any other purpose outside of those times,
(b) whether or not any such students are permitted to reside there outside of those times, and
(c) whether or not any person other than a student resides there, provided that the purpose of the said person’s residing there serves the first-mentioned purpose.]
C6
Rights under collectively cited Residential Tenancies Acts not affected in certain circumstances (1.01.2019) by Domestic Violence Act 2018 (6/2018), s. 32, S.I. No. 532 of 2019.
Orders not to affect rights under certain enactments or estate or interest
32. (1) Where, by reason only of an interim barring order, emergency barring order or a barring order, a person is not residing at a place during any period, that person shall be deemed, for the purposes of any rights under the Statutes of Limitations, the Landlord and Tenant Acts 1967 to 2008, the Housing (Private Rented Dwellings) Acts 1982 and 1983 and the Residential Tenancies Acts 2004 to 2015, to be residing at that place during that period.
(2) Except in so far as the exercise by a respondent of a right to occupy the place to which a barring order, an interim barring order or an emergency barring order relates is suspended by virtue of the order, that order shall not affect any estate or interest in that place of that respondent or any other person.