Value-Added Tax Consolidation Act 2010
Number 31 of 2010
VALUE-ADDED TAX CONSOLIDATION ACT 2010
REVISED
Updated to 6 March 2025
This Revised Act is an administrative consolidation of the Value-Added Tax Consolidation Act 2010. It is prepared by the Law Reform Commission in accordance with its function under the Law Reform Commission Act 1975 (3/1975) to keep the law under review and to undertake revision and consolidation of statute law.
All Acts up to and including the Ministers and Secretaries and Ministerial, Parliamentary, Judicial and Court Offices (Amendment) Act 2025 (1/2025), enacted 21 February 2025, and all statutory instruments up to and including the European Union (Value-Added Tax) Regulations 2025 (S.I. No. 69 of 2025), made 6 March 2025, were considered in the preparation of this Revised Act.
Disclaimer: While every care has been taken in the preparation of this Revised Act, the Law Reform Commission can assume no responsibility for and give no guarantees, undertakings or warranties concerning the accuracy, completeness or up to date nature of the information provided and does not accept any liability whatsoever arising from any errors or omissions. Please notify any errors, omissions and comments by email to
revisedacts@lawreform.ie.
Number 31 of 2010
VALUE-ADDED TAX CONSOLIDATION ACT 2010
REVISED
Updated to 6 March 2025
ARRANGEMENT OF SECTIONS
Preliminary and General
Section
Accountable persons
Interpretation
General rules
5. Persons who are, or who may become, accountable persons.
6. Persons not accountable persons unless they so elect.
7. Treatment of persons as not accountable.
Rules for intra-Community acquisitions
9. Intra-Community acquisitions and accountable persons.
10. Certain supplies of goods — supplier not established in the State.
11. Other provisions in relation to goods.
Services supplied in the State by persons established outside the State
12. Services received from abroad and accountable persons.
13. Certain supplies of services — supplier not established in the State. (Repealed)
Supplementary provisions
14. The State and public bodies.
16. Reverse charge for certain supplies.
17. Other provisions in relation to services.
18. Distortion of competition, deemed taxable supplies, etc.
Taxable Transactions
Supply of goods
19. Meaning of supply of goods.
20. Transfers, etc. deemed not to be supplies.
21. Supplies made free of charge.
22. Special rules in relation to supplies of goods.
23. Supply following intra-Community acquisition.
23A. Call-off stock arrangements.
Intra-Community acquisitions
24. Intra-Community acquisitions of goods.
Supply of services
25. Meaning of supply of services.
26. Transfer of intangible business assets deemed not to be supply of services.
28. Special rules in relation to supplies of services.
Place of Taxable Transactions
Place of supply of goods
30. Goods supplied to non-registered persons.
31. Gas and electricity supplies.
Place of intra-Community transactions
32. Intra-Community acquisitions of goods.
Place of supply of services
33. Application and interpretation of section 34.
35. Use and enjoyment provisions.
Place of supply for certain taxable persons making supplies of intra-Community distance sales of goods and supplies of telecommunication services, radio or television broadcasting services or electronically supplied services
35A. Amendment of Part 4 of Act of 2010.
Taxable Amount
Taxable amount — principal provisions
37. General rules on taxable amount.
38. Determination that open market value applies.
39. General provisions on consideration.
40. Special consideration rule, triangulation.
42. Taxable amount for certain supplies.
43A. Vouchers — Multi-purpose and single - purpose, etc.
44. Non-business use of immovable goods.
Adjustment and recovery of consideration
45. Adjustment and recovery of consideration.
Rates and Exemption
Rates
47. Composite and multiple supplies.
50. Provisions in relation to certain supplies.
51. Determinations on rates and exemptions. (Repealed)
Exemptions
52. General rule on exempted activity.
Provisions Relating to Imports, Exports, etc.
53. Imports — general provisions.
54. Remission or repayment of tax on certain imported goods.
55. Goods in transit — miscellaneous provisions.
56. Zero-rating scheme for qualifying businesses.
57. Remission of tax on goods exported, etc.
Deductions
General provisions
59. Deduction for tax borne or paid.
60. General limits on deductibility.
61. Apportionment for dual-use inputs.
62. Reduction of tax deductible in relation to qualifying vehicles.
62A. Adjustment of tax deductible in relation to unpaid consideration.
Capital goods scheme
63. Interpretation and application.
Obligations of Accountable Persons
Registration
Invoicing
66. Issue of invoices and other documents.
68. Flat-rate farmer invoices and other documents.
69. Invoices or credit notes — errors, etc.
70. Time limits for issuing invoices, etc.
71. Self-billing and outsourcing.
73. Requests for particulars in respect of repayment of tax.
Returns and payment of tax
75. Tax due on intra-Community acquisitions.
77. Authorisations in relation to filing dates.
78. Electronic remittances and returns.
79. Special provisions in relation to payment dates.
Tax due on moneys received
80. Tax due on moneys received basis.
Expression of doubt
81. Letter of expression of doubt.
Recapitulative statements
82. Statement of intra-Community supplies of goods.
83. Statement of intra-Community supplies of taxable services.
Record keeping
85. Supplementary provisions on records.
REPORTING OBLIGATIONS OF CERTAIN PAYMENT SERVICE PROVIDERS
85B. Meaning of ‘cross-border payment’.
85C. Requirement to keep records.
85D. Record keeping requirements.
85E. Retention of records by payment service providers.
85F. Reporting requirements of payment service providers.
85H. Retention and transmission of information by Revenue Commissioners
Special Schemes
Special Schemes - Miscellaneous
86. Special provisions for tax invoiced by flat-rate farmers.
86A. Restriction of flat-rate addition.
87. Margin scheme — taxable dealers.
88. Margin scheme — travel agents.
89. Margin scheme — auctioneers.
91. Electronic services scheme.
Special schemes for taxable persons supplying services to non-taxable persons, making intra-Community distance sales of goods, making certain domestic supplies of goods or importing goods
91B. Non-Union scheme (where the State is Member State of identification).
91C. Non-Union scheme (where the State is Member State of consumption).
91D. Union scheme (where the State is Member State of identification).
91E. Union scheme (where the State is Member State of consumption).
91G. Electronic interfaces facilitating distance sales of goods.
91H. Special arrangements for value-added tax on import.
91I. Import scheme - interpretation and general provisions.
91J. Import scheme (where the State is Member State of identification).
91K. Import scheme (where the State is Member State of consumption).
Suspension arrangements for alcohol products
92. Suspension arrangements for alcohol products.
Deposit Return Scheme
Cross-border special scheme for small enterprises
92C. Special scheme for small enterprises where the State is the Member State of establishment.
Immovable Goods
93. Supply of immovable goods (old rules).
94. Supplies of immovable goods (new rules).
95. Transitional measures for supplies of immovable goods.
96. Waiver of exemption under old rules.
97. Option to tax letting of immovable goods.
98. Valuation of an interest in immovable goods.
Refunds and Repayments of Tax
99. General provisions on refund of tax.
101. Intra-Community refunds of tax.
102. Refunds to taxable persons established outside the Community.
103. Ministerial refund orders.
104. Repayments in specific circumstances.
105. Interest on refunds of tax.
Administration and General
Administration
106. Care and management of tax.
107. Officer responsible in case of body of persons.
108. Inspection and removal of records.
Special measures for the protection of the tax
108A. Notice of requirement to furnish certain information, etc.
108B. Notice of requirement to issue a document.
108C. Joint and several liability for tax.
109. Security to be given by certain taxable persons.
Estimation, assessment and time limits
112. Generation of electronic, etc. estimates and assessments.
Interest and penalties
114. Interest payable by accountable persons.
114A. Interest payable in certain circumstances.
114B. Covid-19: special warehousing and interest provisions.
116. Penalty for deliberately or carelessly making incorrect returns, etc.
117. Penalty for assisting in making incorrect returns, etc.
118. Mitigation and application of penalties. (Repealed)
Appeals and regulations
Repeals, Consequential Amendments, Transitional Measures and Commencement
121. Definition of “repealed enactment”.
122. Repeal of Value-Added Tax Act 1972, etc.
123. Consequential amendments and repeals and revocations.
Exempt Activities
Activities in the Public Interest
Other Exempted Activities
Zero-rated Goods and Services
International Supplies
Supplies Within the State
Goods and Services chargeable at the reduced rate
Interpretation
Annex III Supplies
Certain Supplies with Reduced Rate at 1 January 1991: Special Provisions in Accordance with Article 115 of the VAT Directive
Certain Supplies with Reduced Rate at 1 January 1991: Special Provisions in Accordance with Article 118 of the VAT Directive
Supplies of Certain Live Plants and Similar Goods
Supplies of Certain Works of Art, Antiques and Literary Manuscripts
Agricultural Production Activities and Services
Article 295(1) and Annex VII of the VAT Directive
Article 295(1) and Annex VIII of the VAT Directive
Works of Art, Collectors’ Items and Antiques chargeable at the rate specified in section 46(1)(c) in the circumstances specified in section 48
Activities listed in Annex 1 of the VAT Directive
Consequential Amendments
Consequential Amendments to Acts
Consequential Amendments to Statutory Instruments
Repeals and Revocations
Repeals
Revocations
Non-application of section 2(4A) to certain provisions of Act
Acts Referred to
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2003, No. 1 |
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1991, No. 17 |
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1963, No. 33 |
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1990, No. 33 |
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1996, No. 31 |
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1962, No. 12 |
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Customs Acts |
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Customs Consolidation Act 1876 |
1876, No. (39 & 40 Vict.) c. 36 |
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1947, No. 5 |
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1955, No. 8 |
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1975, No. 19 |
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1981, No. 28 |
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Finance Act 1920 |
1920, (10 & 11 Geo. 5) c.18 |
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1973, No. 19 |
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1975, No. 6 |
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1976, No. 16 |
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1979, No. 11 |
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1980, No. 14 |
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1981, No. 16 |
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1982, No. 14 |
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1983, No. 15 |
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1984, No. 9 |
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1985, No. 10 |
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1986, No. 13 |
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1987, No. 10 |
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1988, No. 12 |
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1989, No. 10 |
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1990, No. 10 |
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1991, No. 13 |
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1992, No. 9 |
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1993, No. 13 |
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1994, No. 13 |
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1995, No. 8 |
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1996, No. 9 |
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1997, No. 22 |
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1998, No. 3 |
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1999, No. 2 |
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2000, No. 3 |
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2001, No. 7 |
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2002, No. 5 |
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2003, No. 3 |
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2004, No. 8 |
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2005, No. 5 |
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2006, No. 6 |
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2007, No. 11 |
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2008, No. 3 |
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2008, No. 25 |
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2009, No. 12 |
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2010, No. 5 |
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1986, No. 6 |
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1956, No. 2 |
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1970, No. 1 |
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1982, No. 6 |
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1988, No. 28 |
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Income Tax Acts |
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1947, No. 32 |
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2009, No. 30 |
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2001, No. 37 |
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2009, No. 34 |
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2004, No. 27 |
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1999, No. 31 |
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2001, No. 31 |
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1997, No. 39 |
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1990, No. 37 |
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1978, No. 34 |
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1972, No. 22 |
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Value-Added Tax Acts 1972-1992 |
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Value-Added Tax Acts 1972-1997 |
ABBREVIATIONS USED IN MARGINAL NOTES
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FA 2010 |
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s. |
section |
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Sch. |
Schedule |
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ss. |
sections |
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VATA |
Number 31 of 2010
VALUE-ADDED TAX CONSOLIDATION ACT 2010
REVISED
Updated to 6 March 2025
AN ACT TO CONSOLIDATE ENACTMENTS RELATING TO VALUE-ADDED TAX.
[23rd November, 2010]
BE IT ENACTED BY THE OIREACHTAS AS FOLLOWS:
Annotations
Modifications (not altering text):
C1
Act included in definition of “Taxation Acts” by Finance (Tax Appeals) Act 2015 (59/2015), s. 2(f), S.I. No. 110 of 2016.
Interpretation
2. In this Act— ...
“Taxation Acts” means— ...
(f) the Value-Added Tax Consolidation Act 2010, and the enactments amending or extending that Act,
...
C2
Functions assigned to Tax Appeals Commission under Act extended and construed by Finance (Tax Appeals) Act 2015 (59/2015), ss. 5(2) and 7(2), S.I. No. 110 of 2016.
Performance of Commission’s functions through Commissioners and staff
5....
(2) Any function assigned by this Act or the Taxation Acts to the Commission or the Commissioners, other than a function specified in section 6(2)(b), (f), (g), or (j), may be performed by any one or more of the Commission’s staff acting under the Commission’s authority.
...
Functions of Commissioners performable by one of their number
7. (1) Any provision of this Act, or the Taxation Acts, that confers a function on the Commissioners shall be read as conferring the function on, and accordingly as enabling, subject to the rules of procedure, if any, adopted under section 6 (5), the function to be performed by, any one of the Commissioners.
(2) Without prejudice to the generality of subsection (1), the granting of authority of the kind referred to in section 5(2) to a member or members of staff may, subject to the rules of procedure, if any, adopted under section 6(5), be done by any one of the Commissioners.
C3
Reference to function of a “Commissioner” or “a member of the Commission” under Act construed (21.03.2016) by Finance (Tax Appeals) Act 2015 (59/2015), s. 9(7), S.I. No. 110 of 2016.
Temporary Commissioners
9. ...
(7) Notwithstanding that a temporary Commissioner is not, by virtue of section 4(2), to be regarded as a member of the Commission, where a function of a Commissioner falls to be performed by a temporary Commissioner, references in such of the provisions of—
(a) this Act, other than those disapplied by subsection (6), or
(b) the Taxation Acts,
as are relevant to the performance of that function, to—
(i) a Commissioner, or
(ii) a member of the Commission,
shall be read as including references to a temporary Commissioner.
Editorial Notes:
E1
Act included in definition of “relevant Act” for purposes of data sharing and exchange pursuant to Sea-Fisheries and Maritime Jurisdiction Act 2006 (8/2006), s. 26A; as inserted (3.05.2022) by Sea-Fisheries (Miscellaneous Provisions) Act 2022 (9/2022), s. 9, S.I. No. 202 of 2022.
E2
Obligation on certain accountable persons under Act to make specified returns by electronic means imposed (1.09.2008) by Tax Returns and Payments (Mandatory Electronic Filing and Payment of Tax) Regulations 2008 (S.I. No. 341 of 2008), in effect as per reg. 1(2); (1.06.2011) by Tax Returns and Payments (Mandatory Electronic Filing and Payment of Tax) Regulations 2011 (S.I. No. 223 of 2011), in effect as per reg. 1(2); (1.06.2012) by Tax Returns and Payments (Mandatory Electronic Filing and Payment of Tax) Regulations 2012 (S.I. No. 156 of 2012), reg. 4, in effect as per reg. 1(2); and (1.01.2015) by Tax Returns and Payments (Mandatory Electronic Filing and Payment of Tax) Regulations 2014 (S.I. No. 572 of 2014), in effect as per reg. 1(2).
E3
Act included in definition of “specified enactment” for purposes of data sharing and exchange pursuant to Local Government (Household Charge) Act 2011 (36/2011), s. 14 (19.12.2011) by Local Government (Household Charge) Act 2011 (36/2011), s. 14(3), commenced on enactment.